The Technological Unconscious in German Modernist Literature

Book excerpt: "Even after the end of modernism and postmodernism, the grandiose fantasies of artifice and self-reference that have informed so much modernist literature still resonate in the "social constructivism" of current literary and cultural theory: in the idea that we can perform or construct "identities" or social roles without external constraint, as if we had consumer choice of self. Larson Powell's book posits nature as a limit to such fantasies, redefining aesthetic modernity's conception of and relation to nature and therefore its relation to reality. He shows how nature, no longer the idealized, maternally coded Utopia of the Romantics, becomes the trace of specific political, sexual, and technological traumas. The book's four chapters center on the representation of nature in German prose and-especially-poetry by Rainer Maria Rilke, Gottfried Benn, Bertolt Brecht, and Alfred Doblin from the years 1900 to 1945, while making reference to other literatures as well." "Powell's term "the Technological Unconscious" refers to a point of intersection between psychoanalysis and social and scientific theories of modernism and also to the philosophical mediation between history and nature, a motif important from Kant to Adorno. Powell critiques the tendency toward jargon of an often merely rhetorical "theory," while continuing to develop the philosophical and conceptual inheritance of Continental traditions. He analyzes in connection with the works treated the conceptions of subject and system in the theories of Adorno, Luhmann, and Lacan and their relation to their complement, nature. The Technological Unconscious is thus an important polemical intervention both in the debates over interdisciplinarity and in those between eclectic "culturalist" theories such as New Historicism and postcolonialism on the one hand and systems theory and psychoanalysis on the other." --Book Jacket.