The Battle of the Hedgerows

Book excerpt: Operation Overlord, the D-Day landings, was an unqualified success and in the days after the allied invasion of northern France, tens of thousands of troops were landed inland. General Omar Bradley's First Army has superior mobility, plus lavish quantities of stream-crossing and bridging equipment. However, as they headed inland, the Americans had to cope with terrain that largely negated their mobile superiority - the Bocage. The Battle of the Hedgerows is an account of the US First Army over seven gruelling weeks in June and July 1944. The book makes it clear that, although German defenders were outnumbered and out gunned, they had a crucial advantage: hedges. The Bocage is divided in a multitude of earthen-walled enclosures, all of which are surrounded by high, dense hedgerows. All but the most important roads are sunken lanes, with foliage arching over them. Each field and hedgerow was turned into a defensive position by the Germans, and their 88s, machine guns and mortars took a heavy toll of US troops in the fighting. In addition, many of the US soldiers and their commanders were inexperienced, Having never seen combat.Their opponents, on the other hand, the troops of II Parachute Corps, though deficient in air and artillery support, were seasoned veterans, especially the all important NCOs. As the book shows, the fighting consisted of thousands of field-by-field infantry battles that were sometimes disturbingly reminiscent of the western front in World War 1. The Bocage was a soldier's battle in every sense, as US troops embarked on a bloody learning curve to master the skills of close combat riflemen and nearly 150% casualties among its officers during the Period Although it is often perceived that there was an inevitability about the allied victory once D-Day proved successful, the reality of the Normandy campaign - as revealed through the pages of The Battle of the Hedgerows - shows that the ultimate Allied victory was wrought only after stern German defence. As such the book will be of interest to all military historians and those fascinated by the course of World War 2.