The Applied Data Science Workshop On Medical Datasets Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI

Book excerpt: Workshop 1: Heart Failure Analysis and Prediction Using Scikit-Learn, Keras, and TensorFlow with Python GUI Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number 1 cause of death globally taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year, which accounts for 31% of all deaths worldwide. Heart failure is a common event caused by CVDs and this dataset contains 12 features that can be used to predict mortality by heart failure. People with cardiovascular disease or who are at high cardiovascular risk (due to the presence of one or more risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia or already established disease) need early detection and management wherein a machine learning models can be of great help. Dataset used in this project is from Davide Chicco, Giuseppe Jurman. Machine learning can predict survival of patients with heart failure from serum creatinine and ejection fraction alone. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making 20, 16 (2020). Attribute information in the dataset are as follows: age: Age; anaemia: Decrease of red blood cells or hemoglobin (boolean); creatinine_phosphokinase: Level of the CPK enzyme in the blood (mcg/L); diabetes: If the patient has diabetes (boolean); ejection_fraction: Percentage of blood leaving the heart at each contraction (percentage); high_blood_pressure: If the patient has hypertension (boolean); platelets: Platelets in the blood (kiloplatelets/mL); serum_creatinine: Level of serum creatinine in the blood (mg/dL); serum_sodium: Level of serum sodium in the blood (mEq/L); sex: Woman or man (binary); smoking: If the patient smokes or not (boolean); time: Follow-up period (days); and DEATH_EVENT: If the patient deceased during the follow-up period (boolean). The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performace of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 2: Cervical Cancer Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI About 11,000 new cases of invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed each year in the U.S. However, the number of new cervical cancer cases has been declining steadily over the past decades. Although it is the most preventable type of cancer, each year cervical cancer kills about 4,000 women in the U.S. and about 300,000 women worldwide. Numerous studies report that high poverty levels are linked with low screening rates. In addition, lack of health insurance, limited transportation, and language difficulties hinder a poor woman’s access to screening services. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main risk factor for cervical cancer. In adults, the most important risk factor for HPV is sexual activity with an infected person. Women most at risk for cervical cancer are those with a history of multiple sexual partners, sexual intercourse at age 17 years or younger, or both. A woman who has never been sexually active has a very low risk for developing cervical cancer. Sexual activity with multiple partners increases the likelihood of many other sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis). Studies have found an association between chlamydia and cervical cancer risk, including the possibility that chlamydia may prolong HPV infection. Therefore, early detection of cervical cancer using machine and deep learning models can be of great help. The dataset used in this project is obtained from UCI Repository and kindly acknowledged. This file contains a List of Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer leading to a Biopsy Examination. The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performace of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 3: Chronic Kidney Disease Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI Chronic kidney disease is the longstanding disease of the kidneys leading to renal failure. The kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. As kidneys fail, waste builds up. Symptoms develop slowly and aren't specific to the disease. Some people have no symptoms at all and are diagnosed by a lab test. Medication helps manage symptoms. In later stages, filtering the blood with a machine (dialysis) or a transplant may be required The dataset used in this project was taken over a 2-month period in India with 25 features (eg, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, etc). The target is the 'classification', which is either 'ckd' or 'notckd' - ckd=chronic kidney disease. It contains measures of 24 features for 400 people. Quite a lot of features for just 400 samples. There are 14 categorical features, while 10 are numerical. The dataset needs cleaning: in that it has NaNs and the numeric features need to be forced to floats. Attribute Information: Age(numerical) age in years; Blood Pressure(numerical) bp in mm/Hg; Specific Gravity(categorical) sg - (1.005,1.010,1.015,1.020,1.025); Albumin(categorical) al - (0,1,2,3,4,5); Sugar(categorical) su - (0,1,2,3,4,5); Red Blood Cells(categorical) rbc - (normal,abnormal); Pus Cell (categorical) pc - (normal,abnormal); Pus Cell clumps(categorical) pcc - (present, notpresent); Bacteria(categorical) ba - (present,notpresent); Blood Glucose Random(numerical) bgr in mgs/dl; Blood Urea(numerical) bu in mgs/dl; Serum Creatinine(numerical) sc in mgs/dl; Sodium(numerical) sod in mEq/L; Potassium(numerical) pot in mEq/L; Hemoglobin(numerical) hemo in gms; Packed Cell Volume(numerical); White Blood Cell Count(numerical) wc in cells/cumm; Red Blood Cell Count(numerical) rc in millions/cmm; Hypertension(categorical) htn - (yes,no); Diabetes Mellitus(categorical) dm - (yes,no); Coronary Artery Disease(categorical) cad - (yes,no); Appetite(categorical) appet - (good,poor); Pedal Edema(categorical) pe - (yes,no); Anemia(categorical) ane - (yes,no); and Class (categorical) class - (ckd,notckd). The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performace of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 4: Lung Cancer Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI The effectiveness of cancer prediction system helps the people to know their cancer risk with low cost and it also helps the people to take the appropriate decision based on their cancer risk status. The data is collected from the website online lung cancer prediction system. Total number of attributes in the dataset is 16, while number of instances is 309. Following are attribute information of dataset: Gender: M(male), F(female); Age: Age of the patient; Smoking: YES=2 , NO=1; Yellow fingers: YES=2 , NO=1; Anxiety: YES=2 , NO=1; Peer_pressure: YES=2 , NO=1; Chronic Disease: YES=2 , NO=1; Fatigue: YES=2 , NO=1; Allergy: YES=2 , NO=1; Wheezing: YES=2 , NO=1; Alcohol: YES=2 , NO=1; Coughing: YES=2 , NO=1; Shortness of Breath: YES=2 , NO=1; Swallowing Difficulty: YES=2 , NO=1; Chest pain: YES=2 , NO=1; and Lung Cancer: YES , NO. The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performace of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 5: Alzheimer’s Disease Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI Alzheimer's is a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. Symptoms usually develop slowly and get worse over time, becoming severe enough to interfere with daily tasks. Alzheimer's is not a normal part of aging. The greatest known risk factor is increasing age, and the majority of people with Alzheimer's are 65 and older. But Alzheimer's is not just a disease of old age. Approximately 200,000 Americans under the age of 65 have younger-onset Alzheimer’s disease (also known as early-onset Alzheimer’s). The dataset consists of a longitudinal MRI data of 374 subjects aged 60 to 96. Each subject was scanned at least once. Everyone is right-handed. 206 of the subjects were grouped as 'Nondemented' throughout the study. 107 of the subjects were grouped as 'Demented' at the time of their initial visits and remained so throughout the study. 14 subjects were grouped as 'Nondemented' at the time of their initial visit and were subsequently characterized as 'Demented' at a later visit. These fall under the 'Converted' category. Following are some important features in the dataset: EDUC:Years of Education; SES: Socioeconomic Status; MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination; CDR: Clinical Dementia Rating; eTIV: Estimated Total Intracranial Volume; nWBV: Normalize Whole Brain Volume; and ASF: Atlas Scaling Factor. The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 6: Parkinson Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI The dataset was created by Max Little of the University of Oxford, in collaboration with the National Centre for Voice and Speech, Denver, Colorado, who recorded the speech signals. The original study published the feature extraction methods for general voice disorders. This dataset is composed of a range of biomedical voice measurements from 31 people, 23 with Parkinson's disease (PD). Each column in the table is a particular voice measure, and each row corresponds one of 195 voice recording from these individuals ("name" column). The main aim of the data is to discriminate healthy people from those with PD, according to "status" column which is set to 0 for healthy and 1 for PD. The data is in ASCII CSV format. The rows of the CSV file contain an instance corresponding to one voice recording. There are around six recordings per patient, the name of the patient is identified in the first column. Attribute information of this dataset are as follows: name - ASCII subject name and recording number; MDVP:Fo(Hz) - Average vocal fundamental frequency; MDVP:Fhi(Hz) - Maximum vocal fundamental frequency; MDVP:Flo(Hz) - Minimum vocal fundamental frequency; MDVP:Jitter(%); MDVP:Jitter(Abs); MDVP:RAP; MDVP:PPQ; Jitter:DDP – Several measures of variation in fundamental frequency; MDVP:Shimmer; MDVP:Shimmer(dB); Shimmer:APQ3; Shimmer:APQ5; MDVP:APQ; Shimmer:DDA - Several measures of variation in amplitude; NHR; HNR - Two measures of ratio of noise to tonal components in the voice; status - Health status of the subject (one) - Parkinson's, (zero) – healthy; RPDE,D2 - Two nonlinear dynamical complexity measures; DFA - Signal fractal scaling exponent; and spread1,spread2,PPE - Three nonlinear measures of fundamental frequency variation. The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy. WORKSHOP 7: Liver Disease Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning with Python GUI Patients with Liver disease have been continuously increasing because of excessive consumption of alcohol, inhale of harmful gases, intake of contaminated food, pickles and drugs. This dataset was used to evaluate prediction algorithms in an effort to reduce burden on doctors. This dataset contains 416 liver patient records and 167 non liver patient records collected from North East of Andhra Pradesh, India. The "Dataset" column is a class label used to divide groups into liver patient (liver disease) or not (no disease). This data set contains 441 male patient records and 142 female patient records. Any patient whose age exceeded 89 is listed as being of age "90". Columns in the dataset: Age of the patient; Gender of the patient; Total Bilirubin; Direct Bilirubin; Alkaline Phosphotase; Alamine Aminotransferase; Aspartate Aminotransferase; Total Protiens; Albumin; Albumin and Globulin Ratio; and Dataset: field used to split the data into two sets (patient with liver disease, or no disease). The models used in this project are K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost, LGBM classifier, Gradient Boosting, XGB classifier, MLP classifier, and CNN 1D. Finally, you will develop a GUI using PyQt5 to plot boundary decision, ROC, distribution of features, feature importance, cross validation score, and predicted values versus true values, confusion matrix, learning curve, performance of the model, scalability of the model, training loss, and training accuracy.