Portraits in Princely India, 1700-1947

Book excerpt: Since Independence, the princes and regional rulers of India have mostly been seen as anachronistic figures, too closely associated with the former colonial government, and often a byword for extravagance, sybaritic lifestyles, and mild despotism. When in 1967 they were stripped of their privy purses by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, there were more protests in Britain than in India. No serious efforts have been made to put these men, and a few women, in a pictorial context, to examine the differing styles of portraiture favoured by them, and the motives behind the pictures, until now. The more one gazes at these important but hitherto neglected works of art, the more questions are raised. This book attempts to answer and interpret some of them. The arrival of European painters in late 18th century India presented a new opportunity for Indian rulers to commission self-portraits of a different kind, and also to influence indigenous artists in new styles and paint mediums. The arrival of photography brought a further opportunity for them to be pictured in different ways.