Identified with Texas

Book excerpt: Identified with Texas is the first published biography of Texas Governor Elisha Marshall Pease (1812-1883), presented by historian Elizabeth Whitlow as a dual biography of Pease and his wife, Lucadia Niles Pease (1813-1905). Born in Connecticut in 1812, E. M. Pease came to Texas in 1835, where he became, in his own words, “identified with Texas.” Pease volunteered to fight in the first battle of the Revolution at Gonzales, and he served with the Texan Army at the Siege of Bexar. Afterward, his career in public service began as a clerk at the Convention of 1836, and the first draft of the Republic’s Constitution is in his handwriting. Pease served in the first three state legislatures after Texas joined the Union in 1845, was elected governor in 1853 and re-elected in 1855, and returned to the governorship as an interim appointee from 1867 to 1869 during Reconstruction. His achievements in all these positions were substantial. Pease was also a highly successful and respected lawyer and a large landholder with properties in Travis and many other Texas counties. He owned slaves, but he did not take a strong proslavery position, and when secession came in 1861, he continued to support the Union. He and his family remained in Austin during the Civil War, and when it ended, he did his best to heal wounds and restore Texas to the United States in a second appointment as governor. Lucadia Niles Pease married Marshall Pease in 1850 and came to Texas as a newlywed. She was known as the Governor’s “Lady.” Moreover, her early, independent travel and her stated position as a “woman’s rights woman” in the 1850s, as well as her support for sending a daughter away to college in the 1870s to earn a degree, all serve as markers of her intelligence and the strength of her convictions. To tell their story, Whitlow mined thousands of letters and papers saved by the Pease family and housed in the Austin History Center of the Austin Public Library, as well as in the Governor’s Papers at the Texas State Library and Archives Commission. E. M. Pease observed near the end of his life that he had been “one of the people of Texas since the colonial days of Stephen F. Austin.” He and Lucadia left an extraordinary historical record that documents the development of Texas.