Foundations & Time Value of Money

Book excerpt: Foundations of Financial Management - An Introduction and Overview, Key Issues in Modern Financial Management, Financial Core Concepts and The Financial Markets This chapter enables you to answer the following questions: • What are the major areas in finance? • Why one need to understand finance in everyday life? • What is the capital budgeting decision? • What do you call the specific mixture of long-term debt and equity that a firm chooses to use? • Into what category of financial management does cash management fall? • What is the primary goal of financial management? • What are the shortcomings of the goal of profit maximization? • Explain agency relationship? What are agency problems and how do they arise? What are agency costs? • What incentives do managers in large corporations have to maximize share value? • What do you understand by a dealer market? How do dealer and auction markets differ? • What does OTC stand for? What is the large OTC market for stocks called? Time Value of Money – Meaning, Importance, Techniques for Valuation of Money, Rates of Interest and Number of Periods Determinations, Sinking Fund, Annuities and Its Types This chapter enables you to answer the following questions: ➢ Why money has a time value? ➢ How to translate lump sum monetary amount into time lines? ➢ What is the relationship between future and present values? ➢ What is discounting and compounding rates of interest? ➢ How to value a series of cash flows, whether even or uneven? ➢ How to calculate future value, present value, unknown period or interest rate given the other variables? ➢ How to identify FV and PV of annuities? ➢ What is the difference between a regular annuity and annuity due? ➢ What is deferred annuity? ➢ What is the difference between annual percentage rate (APR) and effective annual rate (EAR)? ➢ What is nominal rate, periodic rate and effective rate? ➢ How to properly choose between securities with different compounding periods?