Decellularized Porcine Bone Marrow-derived Extracellular Matrix Supports in Vitro Cultivation of Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Author | : Laura Mara Mueller |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 178 |
Release | : 2015 |
ISBN-10 | : OCLC:914486049 |
ISBN-13 | : |
Rating | : 4/5 (49 Downloads) |
Book excerpt: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells, typically found in the bone marrow (BM). They have become of great interest due to their capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types and their ability to modulate the immune response. However, therapeutic applications require large numbers of cells; therefore, MSCs have to be expanded in vitro. Despite recognizable success, the lack of a suitable substrate for MSCs that would support proliferation while maintaining an undifferentiated state has hampered the use of MSCs for important applications. A profound influence on determining stem cell fate, either towards self-renewal or differentiation into a specific cell type, is the extracellular matrix (ECM)-the cell-free environment surrounding cells. Researchers have been developing cell culture substrates composed of ECM components or tried to reconstruct the ECM in vitro . Since these approaches showed limited improvements, the purpose of this research is to investigate the use of minimally altered, decellularized BM-derived ECM as an effective cell culture substrate for mouse MSCs. In the present study, it was found that BM-smeared cultivation plates support in vitro cultivation of MSCs while maintaining a homogenous, undifferentiated and genomically stable cell population. Analyses of BM smear composition demonstrate the presence of major BM ECM proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Furthermore, double immunolabeling indicates a co-localization between the ECM protein fibronectin and MSCs. The results of this research will establish a BM-derived, lyophilized ECM substrate with application potential in high fidelity cultivation techniques for stem cells and provide new insight into the interaction between cells and ECM.