Existing literature has looked at many factors which have shaped Chinese pension reforms. As China’s pension reform proceeds in an expanding and localising fa

Comprehensive reform of China s pension and social security system is an essential element of achieving its objectives of a harmonious society and sustainable d

Chile’s pension system came under close scrutiny in recent years. This paper takes stock of the adequacy of the system and highlights its challenges. Chile’

The Chinese pension system is highly fragmented and decentralized, with governance standards, pension fund management practices, their regulation and supervisio

In Socialist Insecurity, Mark W. Frazier explores pension policy in the People's Republic of China, arguing that the government's push to expand pension and hea