The Middle East, a few decades ago, was seen to be an autonomous subsystem of the global international political system. More recently, the region has been subo

The international relations of the Middle East have long been dominated by uncertainty and conflict. External intervention, interstate war, political upheaval a

The fourth edition of this dynamic and popular text provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary politics in the Middle East. Fully revised and updated

The US invasion of Iraq in 2003 and the Arab uprisings of 2010–11 left indelible imprints on the Middle East. Yet, these events have not reshaped the region a

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This text aims to fill a gap in the field of Middle Eas