Scientific Principles of Sports Training

Book excerpt: All activities which are part of human behaviour were subject to a long-term development. The result of the activity in both examples can be considered a performance. Performance is understood as an extent to which motor task is accomplished. In the case of the athlete, performance is evaluated following rules of the sports discipline which were set in advance, it is expressed by the length of the throw and is understood as a sports performance. An ability to achieve a given performance repeatedly is referred to as efficiency. Sport training is understood as a process of systematic development of each component in dependence on the duration of preparation which leads to achieving maximum efficiency in senior age within the selected sports discipline. Sports training focus on cultivating the athlete’s personality; further, it focuses on systematic development of motor abilities and the process of acquiring motor skills within the specific sports discipline. It is implemented at different performance and age levels. Features of sports training can be found in various forms. The aim of sports training is to achieve maximum individual or team efficiency in a selected sports discipline limited by rules. To develop the physical education, culture it is essential the concept of sports training should be familiar to physical education teachers and coaches. Knowing the principles of sports training alone is not enough, teachers and coaches should be well versed with the methods and means of sports training, so that this knowledge can be successfully applied on the field. The personality and professional knowledge of the coach, teacher, trainer or instructor play a crucial part in the quality of sports training implemented. Therefore, to meet this principle, the coach must be able to integrate pieces of knowledge across the fields like anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, psychology, sociology, theory of motor learning and didactics. The subject of sports training is highly dynamic in nature. As a result of constant research, new knowledge is being evolved which in turn can be effectively utilized to enable sports persons to enhance their performance capacity and readiness of performance. During the recent years some literature, in this area, has been produces, but much of the literature reflects communistic philosophy. Therefore there is a dire need to bring out a book on this topic to meet the demand of the students of physical education courses.