Since the occurrence of earthquakes and their properties are very uncertain even with the present knowledge, it is too difficult to define reasonable design gro

After the March 11, 2011, earthquake in Japan, there is overwhelming interest in worst-case analysis, including the critical excitation method. Nowadays, seismi

Throughout the past few years, there has been extensive research done on structural design in terms of optimization methods or problem formulation. But, much of

The hazard posed by large dams has long been known. Although no concrete dam has failed as a result of earthquake activity, there have been instances of signifi

Engineers are always interested in the worst-case scenario. One of the most important and challenging missions of structural engineers may be to narrow the rang