In 2000, the United States census allowed respondents for the first time to tick a box marked “African American” in the race category. The new option marked

The first slaves imported to America did not see themselves as "African" but rather as Temne, Igbo, or Yoruban. In Becoming African in America, James Sidbury re

An introduction to the complex relationship between African Americans and the African continent What is an “African American” and how does this identity rel

From “one of the foremost experts on African American history . . . a dual chronology tracing Africans through both global and American history” (Black Ente

Shows that the law of freedom, not slavery, determined the way that race developed over time in three slave societies.