Operation Just Cause

Book excerpt: Traces the involvement of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in planning and directing combat operations in Panama. Begins with the initial development of contingency plans in Feb. 1988 and concludes with Gen. Manuel Noriega's surrender to U.S. officials on 3 Jan. 1990. Contents: background of the crisis; after the coup attempt; trigger events: the decision to intervene; D-Day, 12/20/89; issues in the national military command center; last combat, civil affairs and the hunt for Noriega; the Nunciatura; the end of organized resistance; and assessments. Map.